Typically, a deontic logic uses oa to mean it is obligatory that a, or it ought to be the case that. A system for modal and deontic defeasible reasoning dimaresis nikos master of science thesis computer science department, university of crete abstract defeasible logic is a simple and ef. Deontic logic is the field of philosophical logic that is concerned with obligation, permission, and related concepts. Pdf a modal defeasible reasoner of deontic logic for the. Deontic logic is characterized by the distinction between the actual and the ideal.
When formal deontic logic was developed by chisholm and others in the 1960s chisholm 1963, the use of classical logic gave rise to certain paradoxes, such as chisholms paradox of contrarytoduty imperatives. Philosophical foundations of deontic logic and the logic of defeasible conditionals, carlos alchourron, in deontic logic in computer science. We cannot guarantee that deontic logic book is in the library, but if you are still not sure with the service, you can choose free trial service. In this article we discuss the situation where the actual deviates from the ideal, where obligations are. There is a fundamental di erence between a conditional obligation being violated by a fact, and a conditional obligation being overridden by another conditional obligation.
Violated obligations in a defeasible deontic logic repub. In section 3 we outline the idea of business process compliance, and in section 4 we recall the linear time algorithm presented in 19 to check if a trace is compliant with a set of norms. Ts data61 a modal defeasible reasoner of deontic logic. Standard deontic logic sdl is the most cited and studied system of deontic logic, and one of the first deontic logics axiomatically specified. Prima facie obligations it is sometimes felt that deontic reasoning is somehow more defeasible than nor mal reasoning, whatever normal reasoning may be. The papers in defeasible deontic logic aptly illustrate this point. The set of papers collected in this book should be of interest to investigators working in a variety of fields, from philosophy, logic and legal theory to artificial intelligence, computer and management sciences, since it covers topics ranging from theoretical research on foundational issues in deontic and action logics, defeasible reasoning. A semantic web based architecture for econtracts in. Defeasible and modal logics, in general, and, particularly, deontic logic can assist by providing means for modeling agent communities, where each agent is characterized by its own cognitive profile and normative system, as well as policies, which define privacy requirements, access permissions and individual rights. These logics deal only with preferences on deontic alternatives. Pdf the many faces of defeasibility in defeasible deontic logic. Defeasible deontic reasoning and its applications to. Proceedings of the 15th international conference on artificial intelligence and law deontic defeasible reasoning in legal interpretation.
Deontic logic is a symbolic logic concerned with the logic of normative expressions. The aim is a practical defeasible reasoner that will take advan. In order to read online or download deontic logic ebooks in pdf, epub, tuebl and mobi format, you need to create a free account. In this paper, we provide a theoretical framework for a defeasible deontic reasoning system based on annotated logic programming, we propose an annotated logic program called an evalpsn extended vector annotated logic program with strong negation to formulate a defeasible deontic reasoning proposed by d. Traditionally defeasible logics are defined proof theoretically based on the proof conditions for the logic. Amodalcharacterization of defeasible deontic conditionals. In defeasible deontic logic these two are combined. Defeasible and modal logics, in general, and deontic logic, in particular, can assist towards this direction, by providing means for modeling multiagent systems mas, where each agent is characterized by its own cognitive profile and normative system, as well as policies, which define privacy requirements for a user, access permissions for a. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. The main objective of this paper is to extend defeasible logic with modal and.
Ten philosophical problems in deontic logic gabriella pigozzi. Modal logic deals with necessity and possibility, exhibiting defeasibility. Amodalcharacterization of defeasible deontic conditionals and. In this article we discuss the situation where the actual deviates from the ideal, where obligations are violated. Cancelling and overshadowing two types of defeasibility in. Defeasible deontic logic is a simple and computationally efficient approach for the representation of normative reasoning. In particular we will use the defeasible deontic logic of violation ddlv proposed in 8. A modal characterization of defeasible deontic conditionals.
Introduction deontic logic, originated mainly from ethics and philosophy of law, is a branch of modal logic to represent and reason about the normative use of language such as obligation, permission, and prohibition. Agency, intention and obligation 117 are derivable, we may say that, in the event the action of the agent blocks the inference of oq, the agent is a sort of legislator within the system. Deontic logic has been strongly influenced by ideas in modal logic. Deontic logic introduction and application in computer science. Two phenomena explain this feeling, namely the occurrence of socalled prima facie. Defeasible deontic logic synthese library book 263 ebook. Defeasible logic is the logic of default assumptions, i.
Possible world semantics for defeasible deontic logic. Thus the no dead ends assumption converts a deontic conflict into a logical contra diction. Alternatively, a deontic logic is a formal system that attempts to capture the essential logical features of these concepts. Deontic logic viewed as defeasible reasoning springerlink. Deontic logic is the logic of obligation, permission, and prohibition. Mphil, school of sciences and engineering, computer science department, university of crete, 2007. It is a simple, rulebased and computationally cheap approach. Honours, school of information technology and electrical. Pdf extending a defeasible reasoner with modal and deontic. From application view wieringa, meyer 93deontic logic is the logic that. Pdf practical normative reasoning with defeasible deontic logic. Temporalised normative positions in defeasible logic guido governatori.
Thorne mccarty computer science department rutgers university new brunswick, new jersey 08903 abstract. Pdf deontic logic ebooks includes pdf, epub and kindle. Nonmonotonic logics can be very helpful for the formalization of deontic reasoning, in particular to infer moral cues. This is a crucial abstraction for it allows us to concentrate solely on the structure of deontic preferences, ignoring important but separate concerns that must be considered in. The relation with defeasible deontic logic we should also motivate why this paper appears in a volume on defeasible deontic logics. Violated obligations in a defeasible deontic logic citeseerx. Extending a defeasible reasoner with modal and deontic logic operators. Introduction deontic logic is the logic of obligations, i. Extending a defeasible reasoner with modal and deontic.
These paradoxes can be resolved by recognizing that the inference from imperative to actual duty is a defeasible one asher and. Guido governatori, who provided me with guidance, insights and their constant support. In the next section we outline the temporal defeasible deontic logic of 21. Socalled standard deontic logic sdl is a normal propositional modal logic of. While several logic programming, operational and argumentation semantics have been provided for defeasible logics, possible world semantics for modal defeasible. Logic immediately available upon purchase as print book shipments may be delayed due to the covid19 crisis. This paper combines a system of deontic logic with a system for default reasoning to analyze a notorious philosophical problem. Defeasible and modal logics, in general, and, particularly, deontic logic can assist by providing means for modeling agent communities, where each agent is characterized by its own cognitive profile and normative system, as well as policies, which define privacy. Defeasible reasoning stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. It builds upon propositional logic, and is in fact essentially just a distinguished member of the most studied class of modal logics, normal modal logics. This paper reports on the extension of the drdevice defeasible reasoner with modal and deontic logic operators. Also, the negation in defeasible deontic reasoning is the classical negation of firstorder logic and does not follow the negation as failure rule 9 of standard logic programming.
Deontic logic default logic nonmonotonic logic order formula defeasible reasoning these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The main objective of this paper is to extend defeasible logic with modal and deontic operators, and to report on an implementation. The basic approach is to write deontic rules with explicit exceptions, but we also consider the extent to which a set of implicit exceptions can be derived from the underlying deontic semantics. Temporalised normative positions in defeasible logic. A system for modal and deontic defeasible reasoning. There does not seem to be an agreement in deontic logic literature on the definition of defeasible deontic logic. Deontic defeasible reasoning in legal interpretation. Acknowledgements my heartfelt gratitude goes to my supervisors dr. Extending a defeasible reasoner with modal and deontic logic. The many faces of defeasibility in defeasible deontic logic.
This is a crucial abstraction for it allows us to concentrate solely on the structure of deontic preferences, ignoring important but separate concerns that must be considered in any true logic of obligation see below. Defeasible logic is a nonmonotonic formalism that deals with incomplete and conflicting information, whereas modal logic deals with the concepts of necessity. Conditional deontic logic augmented with defeasible reasoning. This paper describes modal and deontic extensions of defeasible logic, motivated by potential applications for modelling multiagent systems and policies. On the equivalence of defeasible deontic logic and temporal. A modal defeasible reasoner of deontic logic for the semantic web. Pdf possible world semantics for defeasible deontic logic. Aug 14, 2001 in this paper, we provide a theoretical framework for a defeasible deontic reasoning system based on annotated logic programming, we propose an annotated logic program called an evalpsn extended vector annotated logic program with strong negation to formulate a defeasible deontic reasoning proposed by d.
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